Moving beyond traditional rigid form factors such as smartwatches and wrist-worn fitness bands, the next growth frontier for medical device manufacturers lies in flexible, skin-conformal wearable systems. Built upon microfluidic networks, flexible substrates, microneedle arrays, and miniaturized bio-microelectromechanical systems (BioMEMS), these next-generation devices enable continuous biochemical and electrophysiological sensing directly from biofluids like interstitial fl